Course:  EDC249b - Children Who Cannot Hear (Spring 2000)

Instructor:  Alan L. Marvelli

Texts:  (Available at Grecourt Bookshop)

                1)  Moores, Donald F., Educating the Deaf:  Psychology, Principles, and Practices
                            (4th edition).  Boston, MA: Houghton-Mifflin, 1996.

                2)  Denes & Pinson, The Speech Chain.  Garden City, NY: Anchor Press, 1993.

                3) American Sign Language: Shattering the Myth, edited by Tom Bertling. Wilsonville, OR: Kodiak Media
                            Group, 1998.

               Supplementary (Not to be purchased.  Available at the Clarke School Professional Library.)
                            a)  Boothroyd, Arthur, Hearing Impairments in Young Children.  Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Prentice-Hall,
                                        l982.
                            b)  Various chapters, articles and other materials as assigned below or in class sessions.

Evaluation:  Periodic written assignments based upon text and journal readings, and observation reports following visits to classes and clinics at Clarke, quizzes and two written examinations:  mid-semester before spring recess and a comprehensive final (a term paper on a relevant topic pre-approved by the instructor before March 1st may be substituted for the mid-term examination and will be due on May 1st.)

Proposed Areas of Focus and Approximate Schedule of Classes:

Weeks 1 & 2: Overview of Major Concerns
                        A.  Role of Senses
                                    l.  Alerting function
                                    2.  Communication function
                        B.  Consequences of hearing loss
                                    1  Age of onset
                                    2.  Degree/magnitude
                        C.  Clinical vs. Cultural Perspectives
                                    1.  Deafness as deviance
                                    2.  Deafness as difference
                         D.  Effects of Sensory Deprivation
                                     1.  Psychological
                                     2.  Social/cultural
                                     3.  Emotional
                                     4.  Educational
                        E.  Demographic data
                                   1.  Incidence
                                    2.  Severity

Assignment:      1. Boothroyd, Chapters 1, 3 & 5
                        2. Prepare a brief  (one- or two-page) essay noting:  a) how you became interested in the topics of deafness
                        and deaf children; b) your understanding of various controversies related to their lives and education; c) any
                        experiences you may have had with deaf individuals; and d).any questions or issues which you hope to have
                        addressed during this course.

 Week 3: Attributes of Sound and Hearing
                        A.  Basic acoustics
                                    1.  Propagation of sound
                                    2.  Attributes of sound
                                                a)  Frequency
                                                b)  Intensity
                                                c)  Duration
                                    3.  Pure tones
                                    4.  Complex tones
                                    5.  Decibel scale
                        B.  Psychoacoustics
                                    1.  Pitch
                                    2.  Loudness
                                    3.  Other
                        C.  Anatomy and physiology of hearing
                                    1.  Outer ear
                                    2.  Middle ear
                                    3.  Inner ear
                                    4.  Auditory pathways
                        D.  Theories of hearing

Assignment:    1. Boothroyd, Chapter 2
                      2. Denes & Pinson, Chapters 3, 5 & 6

Week 4: Auditory Anomalies: Adventitious/Hereditary:  Congenital/Delayed
                        A.  Conductive losses
                                    1.  Etiology
                                    2.  Outer ear conditions
                                    3.  Middle ear conditions
                                    4.  Treatment
                        B.  Sensorineural losses
                                    1.  Etiology
                                    2.  Symptoms
                                    3.  Treatment
                        C.  Other anomalies
                                    1.  Central
                                    2.  Psychogenic
                                    3.  Conscious functional

Assignment:      1. Boothroyd, Chapter 4
                        2. Moores, Chapter 4

Week 5: Methods of Detecting Hearing Losses
                        A.  Pre-natal
                        B.  Post-natal
                                  1. Auditory-brainstem response testing
                                  2. Otoacoustic emissions testing
                       C.  Play audiometry
                        D.  Pure-tone and speech audiometry
                        E.  EDA - GSR
                        F.  Others

Week 6:  Parent Counseling and the Preschool Experience
                        A.  Treatment of the parent
                                    1.  Attitudes
                                    2.  Emotions
                                    3.  Cultural considerations
                        B.  Treatment of the child
                                    1.  Home training
                                    2.  Correspondence courses
                                    3.  Preschool programs

Assignment:      1. Boothroyd, Chapters 6, 7, 11 & l2
                        2. Moores, Chapters 6 & l0
                        3. Suggested:  Philips, A. & E. Cole (eds.), Beginning with Babies:  A Sharing of Professional
                        Experience.  Volta Review (Annual Monograph), Vol. 95, No. 5, Nov. 1993
                        Atkins, D. (ed.), Families and Their Hearing Impaired Children.  Volta Review (Annual Monograph),
                        Vol. 89,  No. 5, Sept. l987

Week 7:  History of Education of Deaf Students
                        A.  Pre-Christian era-l500 AD
                        B.  European Developments, since the 16th century
                        C.  American Education in the 19th and 20th centuries

Assignment:      1. Moores, Chapters 2 & 3
                        2. Suggested:  Bender, Ruth, Conquest of Deafness. Danville, Illinois: Interstate Printers & Publishers, 1981

Weeks 8 & 9  Systems of Communication Used by Deaf Children  and Adults
                        A.  Manual
                        B.  Oral
                        C.  Aural
                        D.  Eclectic
                        E. Auditory Learning and Lipreading
                                    A.  Objectives and procedures
                                    B.  Historical perspective on lipreading methods
                                                    1.  European
                                                    2.  American

Assignment:      1. Boothroyd, Chapter 8 & 9
                        2. Moores, Chapter 9, 12 (pp. 276-284)
                        3. Denes & Pinson, Chapters l & 2
                        4. Dolnick, Edward, Deafness as Culture in Atlantic Monthly, September 1993.
                        5. Balkany, Thomas, et al, The Ethics of Cochlea Implantation.  Presented at the Annual Meeting of the
                        Triology Society, September 1995. (Copy on reserve in the Professional Library)

                                    Prepare a critcal response/position paper (5-10 pages) based upon the Dolnick & Balkany articles
                                    and the essays in American Sign Language: Shattering the Myth

                                                                    (More details will be provided in class.)

Week 10:  Language and Speech Acquisition
                        A.  Cognitive and Language development
                                1.  Thought and language
                                 2.  Psycholinguistics
                        B.  Anatomy and physiology of the speech mechanism
                        C.  Nature of speech
                        D.  Speech development
                                1.  For deaf students
                                2.  For hard of hearing students
                        E.  Speech conservation

Assignment:     1. Boothroyd, Chapter l0
                        2. Moores, Chapters 7, 8 & 11
                        3. Denes & Pinson, Chapters 4, 7 & 8
                        4. Suggested: deVilliers, P.A. & J.G., Early Language.  Cambridge, MA: Harvard Univ. Press, l979.
                        Stoker, R. & D. Ling, Speech Production in Hearing-Impaired Children and Youth: Theory and Practice.
                        Volta Review (Annual Monograph), Vol. 94, No. 5, Nov. 1992
 

 Week 11:  Educational Options and Services for Deaf Individuals
                        A.  Elementary & secondary programs
                        B.  Post-secondary education
                        C.  Special services
                                1.  Social
                                2.  Vocational
                        D.  Professional organizations and publications

Assignment:    Moores, Chapter 1

Week 12:  Litigation and Legislation
                        A.  Legal rights
                                    1.  Chapter 766
                                    2.  PL 94-l42
                                    3.  PL 99-457
                                    4.  Americans with Disabilities Act
                        B.  Rationale
                        C.  Considerations

Week 13.  Deafness and Additional Conditions
                        A.  Mental retardation
                                    1.  Characteristics
                                    2.  Treatment
                        B.  Emotional disturbances
                                    1.  Types
                                    2.  Treatment
                        C.  Learning disabilities
                                    1.  Central Processing Disorders
                                    2.  Dyslexia
                                    3.  Others
                        D. Blindness

Assignment: Moores, Chapter 5

Tours and Observations:

The following dates have been arranged for visiting classes and clinical centers at Clarke School.  Following each visit (except the orientation tour on January 25th) you should submit a brief (1 or 2 pages, typewritten) observation report describing your reactions to the visit (for example, what you found particularly interesting or surprising) and posing questions for class discussion when you need clarification.  These reports and the response papers to readings will not be graded per se but their submission will be recorded as 10 percent of your final grade.

                 January 25 -                  Tour of Clarke School
                 February 1 -                  Lower and Middle School Classes
                 TBA -                           Center for Audiological Services, and Assistive Devices Center
                 TBA -                           Harriette Smith Short Center for Families and Young Children

Grading Criteria:

 Class attendance and participation                           10%*
 Quizzes                                                                   10%
 Response papers and observation reports                10%
 Mid-term exam (term paper)                                    30%
 Final exam                                                                40%

*You may miss any two class sessions “no questions asked.”  Additional unexcused absences will result in a final grade reduction of 2% per absence.